Blog / Category
Fundamentals
3 articles
Latest1 min read
IEC 62443 Security Levels Are Not a Number
Most OT programs set a target security level and stop there. The standard asks for three levels, and the gap between two of them is where the real work is.
7 min read
The Purdue Model in Practice: What OT Network Segmentation Actually Looks Like on a Plant Floor
Everyone references the Purdue Model. Few organizations implement it the way the standard intends. Here's what each level actually contains in a working industrial environment — and where most segmentation projects go wrong.
4 min read
IT vs OT Security: Why Your Enterprise Firewall Isn't Enough
Most industrial operators assume the security stack that protects the corporate network will extend naturally to the plant floor. It won't — and the assumptions behind enterprise security are the exact reason it fails in OT environments.